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Agency physical due diligence

Fannie Mae Property Condition Assessments

Property condition and capital-needs reporting organized around the applicable Fannie Mae multifamily scope, forms, underwriting process, and transaction schedule.

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In plain terms

A multifamily assessment prepared for Fannie Mae underwriting.

A Fannie Mae PCA must address Form 4099 and the lender’s transaction-specific instructions. It combines physical observations with immediate-repair and replacement analysis. The scope includes more than a general building walkthrough, so access and reporting requirements should be settled before the site visit.

Scope, requirements & reporting

Requirements and reporting details.

Dwelling-unit access under Form 4099

The July 2026 instructions use property-size tiers. These are minimums, not a substitute for inspecting enough units to understand the property.

  • 5–50 units: at least five occupied units; survey vacant units up to 15, including those vacant over 90 days; inspect all down units. Inconsistent conditions require further observations.
  • 51–300 units: at least 10% of all units, plus units vacant over 90 days and all down units.
  • Over 300 units: at least 5%, but no fewer than 30 units, plus units vacant over 90 days and all down units.
  • Use the complete instructions for overlapping categories, selection, exceptions, and any need for additional observations.

Prepare a defensible inspection record

Identify inspected apartments by building, unit, type, floor, and occupancy. Explain selection and access limitations. Coordinate interviews with property management and maintenance; investigate inconsistent replacement ages, recurring complaints, and conditions that differ between buildings rather than assuming the sample tells one uniform story.

Repairs, replacements, and supporting data

The report should distinguish immediate work from future replacements and explain material assumptions. Reconcile the narrative, photographs, cost schedules, and planned capital projects before delivery. Fannie Mae also uses a structured PCA data supplement, Form 4099E, through DUS Data Digitizer; confirm delivery responsibilities with the lender.

Affordable Housing project representative of KOW experience
KOW in the fieldPhysical condition · Immediate repairs · Reserves · Agency forms

Decisions supported

Questions the report addresses.

  1. 01

    What property conditions require immediate or priority action?

  2. 02

    What replacement needs should be reflected in underwriting and reserves?

  3. 03

    Are the applicable lender and program reporting requirements addressed?

  4. 04

    What assumptions, limitations, or specialist follow-up remain open?

Typical scope

What KOW reviews and documents.

The final scope follows the property, transaction, program, client requirements, and information available. Typical elements include:

Engagement and program-requirement review
Property document and questionnaire review
Site and building-system observations
Immediate and priority repair schedule
Replacement-reserve analysis
Required forms and appendices
Photographs and supporting exhibits
Lender-comment coordination

Process

How the assignment is carried out.

01

Set the assignment

Confirm the property or project, intended use, reliance parties, schedule, available information, and required deliverable.

02

Read the record

Review the documents, identify gaps, and coordinate the people and access needed to complete the scope.

03

Do the field and technical work

Perform the observations, analysis, interviews, and specialist coordination called for by the assignment.

04

Report what matters

Separate material findings from background information and state the basis, limitations, open items, and follow-up clearly.

Common assignments

Typical assignments.

Acquisition financing

Agency-format physical due diligence and reserve analysis for an existing multifamily property.

Refinance

Current condition and replacement-needs reporting organized around the new transaction.

Supplemental or portfolio work

Consistent property information across one or more agency-related assignments.

Frequently asked

Frequently asked questions.

Why not use a standard 10% inspection for every property?

Fannie Mae’s instructions use different size tiers and separate requirements for certain vacant and down units. A blanket 10% assumption can miss required access or misprice the assignment.

What is a down unit?

It is an apartment that is not currently rentable because of its condition or required work. Identify the reason, repair scope, and estimated return-to-service work rather than treating it as an ordinary vacancy.

Can management substitute apartments on inspection day?

Access changes should be discussed with the consultant and documented. Substitutions should preserve the required distribution and coverage; they should not conceal problem areas or bypass mandatory unit categories.

Does passing a housing inspection replace the PCA?

No. An inspection used for property operations or a housing program serves a different purpose from transaction due diligence and capital planning. Provide prior results as evidence, not as a replacement for the commissioned PCA.

Is a Fannie Mae PCA the same as a standard PCA?

The field assessment and capital analysis cover many of the same building systems, but the assignment must also follow the applicable Fannie Mae program scope, forms, definitions, and lender instructions confirmed for the transaction.

What should be confirmed before engagement?

The lender, program, reliance parties, required forms, analysis period, property information, schedule, and any specialist requirements should be confirmed before fieldwork is scheduled.

Can KOW respond to lender comments?

Yes. Comment coordination and final report issue can be included so property questions, document updates, and underwriting clarifications remain connected to the assessment record.

Start a conversation

Talk to us about fannie mae pca.

Tell us what you’re working on. Our team will help define the right scope and get a proposal moving.

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